Substance 3d education11/22/2023 ![]() Bush was director of the agency (1976–77). intelligence asset and paid informant of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) from 1967, including the period when George H. had long-standing relations with Torrijos' successor, General Manuel Noriega, who served as a U.S. Although the canal was destined for Panamanian administration, the military bases remained and one condition of the transfer was that the canal would remain open to American shipping. President Jimmy Carter and the de facto leader of Panama, General Omar Torrijos, signed the Torrijos–Carter Treaties, which set in motion the process of handing over the canal to Panamanian control by 2000. In the late 20th century, the United States had maintained numerous military bases and a substantial garrison throughout the Canal Zone to protect and maintain American control of the strategically important Panama Canal. ![]() The United Nations General Assembly and the Organization of American States both condemned the invasion as a violation of international law. Following the operation, the Panama Defense Forces were dissolved and President-elect Guillermo Endara was sworn into office. ![]() authorities for racketeering and drug trafficking. The primary purpose of the invasion was to depose Panama's de facto ruler, General Manuel Noriega, who was wanted by U.S. The invasion took place during the presidency of George H. The United States invasion of Panama, codenamed Operation Just Cause, lasted over a month between mid-December 1989 and late January 1990, ten years after the Torrijos–Carter Treaties which was ratified to transfer control of the Panama Canal from the United States to Panama by January 1, 2000.
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